Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory".cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "dlopen(libclntsh.dylib, 1) I am connected to Oracle VM . Thanks. All reactions.Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory. But when I'm running the script manually its working fine. Issue is only when the job is running from crontab at the scheduled.Mar 25, 2020 · Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so" · Issue #35 · godror/godror · GitHub. godror godror Public. Code. Pull requests. Discussions. Actions. Aug 20, 2019 · As suggested in a comment you may get some help from a StackOverflow question/answer, Python3 cx-Oracle Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: “libclntsh.so” on Linux, although this does presuppose that you have actually installed one of the three entities you appear not to want to install. DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library I've found solutions on how to fix this for python (installing instancclient for Oracle and placing dll files in the python directory, but how would I fix this issue for anaconda python to run the connection in a jupyter notebook? python oracle cx-oracle ShareJan 16, 2018 · cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library UBUNTU Load 7 more related questions Show fewer related questions 0 So you also have to MAKE SURE you reinstall/isntall cx_ORacle AFTER you install the oracle isntant client -I wasted some time before i tried it and it worked like a charm. My set up was cx_ORacle8 and oracle client 18.5. Also need to export ld library path every time before you run the python script as its (18.5) Jul 25, 2020 · Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". What Node.js version are you using? Run node and show the output of: node version: v12.13.0 Are you installing into vanilla Node.js, or using something like Electron? Node.jsFeb 10, 2020 · Update: upgrade to the latest cx_Oracle release (renamed to python-oracledb). This doesn't necessarily need Instant Client, which makes installation a lot easier. See the release announcement. For cx_Oracle, you need to install Oracle Instant Client libraries too. See the cx_Oracle installation instructions. Sep 27, 2022 · DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". Nov 5, 2019 · python 连接oracle踩坑笔记- Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client错误解决方法。 cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client错误解决方法。 1.版本要求 python、cx_oracle 、instantclient_11_2均为64位版本。 What I understand is: Your apps works if you use the init_oracle_client(lib_dir=...) function to initialize the Oracle client libraries, but not when you set the client library path on the PATH environment variable. Is my understanding right? If so, is there any reason you do not want to use the init_oracle_client function?Oracle client libraries. These can be from the free Oracle Instant Client,or those included in Oracle Database if Python is on the same machine as the database.Oracle client libraries versions 12.2, 12.1 and 11.2 are supported on Linux, Windows and macOS.Users have also reported success with other platforms.Connect ot Oracle. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047 Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so 1 cx_Oracle connection fails with 'DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library'Jun 10, 2019 · You need Visual Studio 2013 redistributable according to the Instant Client installation instructions on Win 64. If you're using the Oracle Instant Client, do not set the environment variable ORACLE_HOME. locate your copy of OCI.DLL. Presumably it is found in C:\Oracle\instantclient_18_5. Jan 14, 2022 · When trying to run my docker image, I am presented with the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: ... So you also have to MAKE SURE you reinstall/isntall cx_ORacle AFTER you install the oracle isntant client -I wasted some time before i tried it and it worked like a charm. My set up was cx_ORacle8 and oracle client 18.5. Also need to export ld library path every time before you run the python script as its (18.5) So you also have to MAKE SURE you reinstall/isntall cx_ORacle AFTER you install the oracle isntant client -I wasted some time before i tried it and it worked like a charm. My set up was cx_ORacle8 and oracle client 18.5. Also need to export ld library path every time before you run the python script as its (18.5) DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "C:\oracle\product\V11.2.0.10\bin\oci.dll is not the correct architecture" It looks to me like both Python and Oracle are 64-bit installs. Specs below: Python 3.6.1 | Anaconda 4.4.0 (64-bit) Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.04.0 - 64bit Production1. I'm trying to make oracle connections from my Alpine Linux container using cx_Oracle (which needs oracle instant client). cx_oracle keeps complaining about different missing libraries which are required for Oracle instant-client. Error: con = cx_Oracle.connect ('user/[email protected]/orcl') Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in.DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library. Hi @gabrielluiz. That particular Python package is expecting an Oracle Client Library to be installed before the Python script is ran. I recommend reading the instructions on that Python package from Oracle to see if there are additional installation steps to run before importing the ...What I understand is: Your apps works if you use the init_oracle_client(lib_dir=...) function to initialize the Oracle client libraries, but not when you set the client library path on the PATH environment variable. Is my understanding right? If so, is there any reason you do not want to use the init_oracle_client function?"Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found" node js" The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactionsCannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so" · Issue #35 · godror/godror · GitHub. godror godror Public. Code. Pull requests. Discussions. Actions.Jul 25, 2017 · cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: It's possible for Oracle to create a Windows Installer (MSI) ? Not just extract the folder in a random folder, i mean a standard installer to fix all possible issues and prevent this kind of headache... The oracle client libraries have a binary core logic section. For that reason, we easily find it more difficult to operate than we might think. ... Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library ...Never set ORACLE_HOME for Instant Client. It's not an Oracle home installation. Just set your library search path, preferably with ldconfig as you did, and as shown in these Linux x64 Instant Client installation instructions.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library I've found solutions on how to fix this for python (installing instancclient for Oracle and placing dll files in the python directory, but how would I fix this issue for anaconda python to run the connection in a jupyter notebook? python oracle cx-oracle ShareJul 30, 2018 · I have copied both installed Oracle instant client basic and instant client basic SQLPlus in same folder and have given environment path of the same folder. But whenever I am running the command it's giving error: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_1\bin\oci.dll is not the correct ... DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "C:\oracle\product\V11.2.0.10\bin\oci.dll is not the correct architecture" It looks to me like both Python and Oracle are 64-bit installs. Specs below: Python 3.6.1 | Anaconda 4.4.0 (64-bit) Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.04.0 - 64bit ProductionIt just means to keep this window open, but not use it to run any other following commands. window 2: Download client folder. window 3: Extract files from Docker and make the plugins.zip. In one of the steps, Run zip -r instantclient_18_5 plugins.zip rather than zip -r ../plugins.zip ./.To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client zip files: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” zip file: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Note that 19c is not supported on Windows 7. Unzip the package into a directory that is accessible to your application. When trying to run my docker image, I am presented with the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: ...1. I have created a sample Python script for Oracle Database connectivity for running queries for Database testing, I have ran the same script on Windows and its running fine but while running on Mac, its showing me this exception again and again. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "dlopen ...--> cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#windows for help What is your Oracle Database version? --> Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit ProductionAug 28, 2018 · Oracle client libraries. These can be from the free Oracle Instant Client,or those included in Oracle Database if Python is on the same machine as the database.Oracle client libraries versions 12.2, 12.1 and 11.2 are supported on Linux, Windows and macOS.Users have also reported success with other platforms. Connect ot Oracle. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047 Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so 0 cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library UBUNTU1. I'm trying to make oracle connections from my Alpine Linux container using cx_Oracle (which needs oracle instant client). cx_oracle keeps complaining about different missing libraries which are required for Oracle instant-client. Error: con = cx_Oracle.connect ('user/[email protected]/orcl') Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in. Jul 29, 2019 · cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library UBUNTU 2 DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library (Running cx_Oracle in anaconda python) To Solve DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: “The specified module could not be found” First of all install install cx_Oracle using this command. python -m pip install cx_Oracle –upgrade Now Just download Oracle Basic Client and Extract It.Jan 11, 2022 · Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". You must have 64-bit Oracle client libraries in LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or configured with ldconfig. Above is the issue on running function on aws lambda. // lib/libclntsh.so is available. Jul 25, 2020 · Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". May 13, 2019 · The error message already tells you you have a 64-bit Python. Follow the instructions in the URL in the message. The easiest solution now is to use the renamed, latest version of cx_Oracle since it doesn't need Oracle Client libraries. With the default install you won't see DPI-1047 errors. Aug 28, 2018 · Oracle client libraries. These can be from the free Oracle Instant Client,or those included in Oracle Database if Python is on the same machine as the database.Oracle client libraries versions 12.2, 12.1 and 11.2 are supported on Linux, Windows and macOS.Users have also reported success with other platforms. Connection failed: ORA-00000: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: Too many open files".DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library (Running cx_Oracle in anaconda python) Hot Network QuestionsI'm trying to connect to Oracle database in Python on Mac but getting the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "dlopen(libclntsh.dy...Jan 11, 2022 · Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". You must have 64-bit Oracle client libraries in LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or configured with ldconfig. Above is the issue on running function on aws lambda. // lib/libclntsh.so is available. Thanks. I verified that the PATH is set correctly. I am also sure that the Oracle client Library I have is the right version. Is there a way to enable debug mode to see where the cx_Oracle is looking for the Oracle Client Library? Or can I hard code the library location, instead of letting it use the PATH?Connect ot Oracle. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047 Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so 0 Oracle client client 12c 32 & 64 bits failling to install on windows server 2016Apr 14, 2021 · (ii) Follow the IC install instructions and use ldconfig instead of setting LD_LIBRARY_PATH (iii) Review Oracle's Dockerfiles (iv) Review the post Docker for Oracle Database Applications in Node.js and Python. 1. I have created a sample Python script for Oracle Database connectivity for running queries for Database testing, I have ran the same script on Windows and its running fine but while running on Mac, its showing me this exception again and again. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "dlopen ...Error: Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". ... I've downloaded and installed 64 bit Oracle ...Apr 9, 2019 · "Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found" node js" The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions Nov 1, 2018 · 1. I have created a sample Python script for Oracle Database connectivity for running queries for Database testing, I have ran the same script on Windows and its running fine but while running on Mac, its showing me this exception again and again. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "dlopen ... However, for cx_oracle to properly run I need Oracle instantclient installed - this is a problem as Colab works on VM. Without the client, I get error: "DatabaseError: (cx_Oracle.DatabaseError) DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory"."Apr 9, 2019 · "Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found" node js" The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions return Database.connect( django.db.utils.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 32-bit Oracle Client library: "C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\bin\oci.dll is not the correct architecture".Feb 10, 2020 · Update: upgrade to the latest cx_Oracle release (renamed to python-oracledb). This doesn't necessarily need Instant Client, which makes installation a lot easier. See the release announcement. For cx_Oracle, you need to install Oracle Instant Client libraries too. See the cx_Oracle installation instructions. DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". oracle;Nov 5, 2019 · python 连接oracle踩坑笔记- Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client错误解决方法。 cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client错误解决方法。 1.版本要求 python、cx_oracle 、instantclient_11_2均为64位版本。 Jan 14, 2022 · When trying to run my docker image, I am presented with the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: ... Jan 14, 2022 · When trying to run my docker image, I am presented with the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: ... Jan 14, 2022 · When trying to run my docker image, I am presented with the following error: cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: ... Connect ot Oracle. cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047 Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so 0 Docker node-oracledb image build runs into conflict Oracle Instant Client versionJul 8, 2019 · Thanks. I verified that the PATH is set correctly. I am also sure that the Oracle client Library I have is the right version. Is there a way to enable debug mode to see where the cx_Oracle is looking for the Oracle Client Library? Or can I hard code the library location, instead of letting it use the PATH? PHP may be 32-bit and using 32-bit Oracle libraries. If so, because you have a 64-bit Python, then you will need to install 64-bit Instant Client or install 32-bit Python. (Note PHP OCI8 doesn't have an equivalent call to init_oracle_client(). In PHP you need to make sure the Oracle Client libraries are in the system search path e.g. PATH ...May 30, 2019 · To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client RPMs: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a ... Feb 10, 2020 · Update: upgrade to the latest cx_Oracle release (renamed to python-oracledb). This doesn't necessarily need Instant Client, which makes installation a lot easier. See the release announcement. For cx_Oracle, you need to install Oracle Instant Client libraries too. See the cx_Oracle installation instructions. Aug 20, 2019 · Error: sqlalchemy.exc.DatabaseError: (cx_Oracle.DatabaseError) DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file ... Connection failed: ORA-00000: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". Dec 18, 2022 · I am trying to establish a connection from Azure pipelines to oracle using cx_oracle. I'm using a Dockerfile: FROM python:3.9-slim-buster RUN apt-get update &&; apt-get install -y git &... Jul 25, 2017 · cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: It's possible for Oracle to create a Windows Installer (MSI) ? Not just extract the folder in a random folder, i mean a standard installer to fix all possible issues and prevent this kind of headache... Apr 2, 2020 · (cx_Oracle.DatabaseError) DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: “DLL load failed: 4223444 Apr 2 2020 — edited Apr 4 2020. What I understand is: Your apps works if you use the init_oracle_client(lib_dir=...) function to initialize the Oracle client libraries, but not when you set the client library path on the PATH environment variable. Is my understanding right? If so, is there any reason you do not want to use the init_oracle_client function?오라클의 데이터를 가져올 때 "cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library" 에러가 발생. 그동안은 윈도우 Local PC 에 오라클 서버 64bit를 설치 그리고 Path에 지정되어 오류가 발생하지 않았던거다. ( base) D: \ DATA_SOURCE \PythonProject >C:/ ProgramData ...To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client RPMs: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a ...Update: upgrade to the latest cx_Oracle release (renamed to python-oracledb). This doesn't necessarily need Instant Client, which makes installation a lot easier. See the release announcement. For cx_Oracle, you need to install Oracle Instant Client libraries too. See the cx_Oracle installation instructions.May 30, 2019 · To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client RPMs: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a ... To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client RPMs: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a ...Nov 5, 2021 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library UBUNTU Load 7 more related questions Show fewer related questions 0(cx_Oracle.DatabaseError) DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: “DLL load failed: 4223444 Apr 2 2020 — edited Apr 4 2020.Apr 10, 2021 · If you followed the instructions closely, you would not have ORACLE_HOME set. We don't recommend setting this for Instant Client. Some things to do: check you have libaio installed. Feb 26, 2019 · That would be the expected symbolic link to libclntsh.so.18.1, which obviously must exist. Make sure you copy all the files. Here are some resources that you may be interested in:
--> cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#windows for help What is your Oracle Database version? --> Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production. Abp 562
DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#windows for help python python-3.x windows-10 cx-oracle Share Follow asked May 13, 2019 at 20:29 Rexilife 565 1 4 73 After extracting the Oracle client, the Oracle client libraries will be under the folder "oracle" or a folder like "instantclient_xx_x" (depends on different client versions). Please make sure to use the content of folder "oracle" or "instantclient_xx_x". 4 For the Flogo Enterprise environment, there are two lib folders under FLOGO_HOME: Jan 11, 2022 · Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". You must have 64-bit Oracle client libraries in LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or configured with ldconfig. Above is the issue on running function on aws lambda. // lib/libclntsh.so is available. May 13, 2019 · The error message already tells you you have a 64-bit Python. Follow the instructions in the URL in the message. The easiest solution now is to use the renamed, latest version of cx_Oracle since it doesn't need Oracle Client libraries. With the default install you won't see DPI-1047 errors. Error: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory".Aug 20, 2019 · As suggested in a comment you may get some help from a StackOverflow question/answer, Python3 cx-Oracle Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: “libclntsh.so” on Linux, although this does presuppose that you have actually installed one of the three entities you appear not to want to install. Apr 24, 2019 · 6 Answers. Sorted by: 27. After some more research i got the solution from Ubuntu community , after you have installed oracle instant-client you will have to integrate oracle libraries as follows: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/ <version> /client (64)/lib/$ {LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH} --> cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "The specified module could not be found". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#windows for help What is your Oracle Database version? --> Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit ProductionSep 27, 2022 · DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". From the aws glue console, go to connections, add a jdbc connection and save your database credentials. In your etl script, use boto3.client ('glue').get_connection to retrieve the connection details, and using the user uploaded cx_Oracle library, connect to the database. Here's an example snippet that you would need to adapt & include in your ... Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory. But when I'm running the script manually its working fine. Issue is only when the job is running from crontab at the scheduled.May 30, 2019 · To run ODPI-C applications with Oracle Instant Client RPMs: Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture. Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a ... .